The Nature of the Concept of Islamic Education

According to the language of essence means the truth or something that really or the origin of everything. It can also be said that the essence is the essence of everything or the soul of something. Therefore, it can be said that the essence of the Shari'a is the essence and soul of a Shari'a itself. Among Sufism people are looking for the true nature of the human self because of that the words self appears looking for the real self. In the same way that understanding seeks the essence of the body, heart, spirit, life, and secrets.

Paradigm about the concept of Islamic education has been widely developed since the first. In Islamic education, of course, we already know the three basic concepts of Islamic education, namely; Ta'dib, Tarbiyah, and Ta'lim. However, the three basic concepts have different pressure points.

Departing from the objectives and data exposure above, we need to formulate a concept to achieve the expected goals. This means that it is not that we create a new concept or choose from the three basic concepts of Islamic education, but that we develop the concept so that it becomes a foothold in carrying out the educational process. Thus we need to understand the three basic concepts of Islamic education so that we can determine the direction / flow of the educational process to deliver humans to human nature, namely carrying out the mandate and realizing an order of society and life which is blessed by Allah SWT.

The three basic concepts have their respective roles in the process of Islamic education.

1. Ta'dib

Ta'dib is "derived from a noun and has the verb adaba which is given the meaning by al-Attas as educating." This form of the word has not been directed and requires a goal (object) which in education the object is human. While in Indonesian the word adab is defined as manners, manners and manners.

2. Tarbiyyah

Tabiyyah comes from the word Rabba, which in the Qur'an is defined as creating, maintaining, fulfilling needs and perfecting. This means that the scope of this tarbiyyah is very broad, not only humans who are objects but the universe can also be the object of tarbiyyah. In mu'jam Arabic, the word al-Tarbiyah has three linguistic roots, namely:

First, "raba-yarbi-tarbiyahan which has the meaning of adding and developing, becoming more, and growing. Second, Rabiya-yurbi-tarbiyahan which has the meaning of growing and becoming big or mature, nurturing, educating, teaching, growing, developing."

3. Ta'lim

"Ta'lim comes from the word 'allama which means the process of teaching by using all the senses possessed by humans and then recorded by reason (reason). According to some experts, translating the word al-Ta'lim with teaching and al-Ta'lim itself is more directed on cognitive aspects, such as teaching mathematics.

Education is an important part of life which at the same time distinguishes humans from other living things. Animals also learn but are more determined by their instincts. While humans live using their minds in every behavior. In essence, education is a human effort to improve knowledge, which is obtained from formal and non-formal institutions. Basically, the nature of education is very broad. The nature of education is not just an understanding and definition of education alone, in the nature of education there are many interesting things to learn, for example, such as objects of education and various kinds of education. These interesting things encourage us to learn more about the nature of education outside of the assigned tasks.

Education is humanization, namely "efforts to humanize humans or efforts to help humans or to be able to manifest themselves in accordance with their human dignity." Meanwhile, education in general, according to Poerbakawatja, quoted again by Muhibuddin Syah, is:

"...a deliberate effort by an adult with its influence to raise the child to maturity which is always interpreted as being able to cause moral responsibility for all his actions... the adult is the parent of the child or a person who on the basis of his duties and position has the obligation to educate, the heads of the dormitories and so on.”